ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมความรู้สึกที่มีคุณค่าในตนเองต่อความสุขเเละภาวะซึมเศร้าในหญิงตั้งครรภ์วัยรุ่น: การวิจัยทดลองเเบบสุ่มเเละมีกลุ่มควบคุม

Abstract

Unhappiness and depression are feelings that often occur in pregnant adolescents during pregnancy. Depression has a negative impact on pregnant adolescents. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to examine the effects of a self-esteem enhancement program on happiness and depression in pregnant adolescents. The sample consisted of pregnant adolescents who attended antenatal care at the Antenatal Clinic of Thasala Hospital in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province from January to May 2024. The sample was randomly assigned to there experimental group or a control group using minimized randomization. The experimental group (n = 21) received the self-esteem enhancement program, while the control group (n = 25) received usual care. The research instruments consisted of 1) the Self-Esteem Enhancement Program, 2) the Self-Esteem Questionnaire (SQ) to monitor the effectiveness of the Self-Esteem Enhancement Program, and 3) the data collection instruments, check comprised: the Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, the Depression Questionnaire (CESD-10), and the Happiness in Pregnancy Questionnaire (HPQ). All instruments in this study were content validated by three experts. The reliability of the Self-Esteem Questionnaire (SQ), the Happiness in Pregnancy Questionnaire (HPQ), and the Depression Questionnaire (CESD-10) yielded Cronbach's alpha coefficient of .82, .90., and .86 respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, independent t-test, Wilcoxon signed ranks test, and Mann-Whitney U test.The research findings are summarized as follows.1. Pregnant adolescents in the self-esteem enhancement program had a significantly higher mean happiness score after receiving the program than before receiving the program. (Z = -4.03, p