การวิจัยเชิงปฏิบัติการเพื่อป้องกันปัญหาการตั้งครรภ์ไม่พร้อมของวัยรุ่นในโรงเรียนมัธยมศึกษาแห่งหนึ่งในจังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช

Abstract

The objectives of this action research were to investigate causes of unplanned pregnancies among teenagers in a secondary school in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, and to explore results of an action on prevention of teenage pregnancies at a secondary school in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with five groups of key informants: six women with unplanned pregnancy; two parents of the women with unplanned pregnancy; three teachers; six informants consisting of friends of women with unplanned pregnancy and adolescents in the school where the research was conducted; and one hospital official of a Sub-district Health Promotion Hospital. The data were then categorized, analyzed and presented with analytical description. Action activities were performed with a target group of 23 teenagers, most of whom are males, studying in Grade 11 and living with their father s or mothers. The target group was assessed before and after the action activities using an assessment form on risk behavior of teenage pregnancy. The data were analyzed using a paired samples t- test. In-depth interviews with a target group of 9 teenagers; and one hospital official of a Sub-district Health Promotion Hospital. Interviews about results of the action activity called "Sexual...Teenagers Understand", were conducted, and then analyzed with analytical description The study found that there were seven causes of the unplanned pregnancies among the teenagers at the secondary school in Nakhon Si Thammarat that could be classified into 2 main groups of factors as follows. (1) Factors resulting from each individual: (1.1) giving a wrong meaning to sexual relationship as feeling of love and trust, (1.2) a lack of correct knowledge of pregnancy prevention, (1.3) a lack of judgments on online information, and (2) environmental factors (2.1) being incited by friends to have a boyfriend and sexual relationship, (2.2) a lack of family love and affection, (2.3) being overprotected by family, (2.4) having inappropriate attitude towards sexuality. The study found that after the action using the activity called "Sexual...Teenagers Understand", the overall number of teenagers with risk behavior of pregnancy decreased, and by each aspect item, the number also decreased with statistical significance at the .001 level. The overall average decreased by 1.46; the average for the aspects of attitudes and beliefs decreased by 2.14; the average for knowledge decreased by 1.50; and the average for practice decreased by 0.74. These show that the action according to the guidelines of the activity called "Sexual...Teenagers Understand" could be used for prevention of teenage pregnancies at a secondary school in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province.