The Endowment System for Educational Institutions in the Kingdom of Thailand and its Impact on the Development of the Local Community (Three Southern Border Provinces: Pattani Yala and Narathiwat Case Study)

Abstract

This study seeks to achieve the following objectives:1 - Highlighting waqf system in educational institutions in the Kingdom of Thailand, clarifying the concept of waqf in Islamic law, and highlighting the emergence and development of the Islamic endowment based on models that reflect every historical stage.2 - Identify examples of the waqf system in the Islamic world.3 - Developing a proposed vision for waqf system in educational institutions in the Kingdom of Thailand.4 - Explaining the impact of waqf on the development of society in the three southern states in the Kingdom of Thailand.5 - Explaining the reality of charitable waqf in the Kingdom of Thailand and the challenges it faces, and proposing some appropriate solutions to overcome them. From the model, the researcher presents an idea about the educational waqf and its applications in the Kingdom of Thailand, and the challenges it faces, by answering the two main questions in the research, namely: What is the developmental role played by waqf institutions towards the local community in the Kingdom of Thailand? What are the problems and challenges facing waqf in this country? In this study, the researcher focused on the educational waqf in the three southern provinces of the Kingdom of Thailand (Patani, Yala and Narathiwat) as a case study, given the diversity of the educational waqf institutions in them, in the time limit extending from 1997 AD up to the present time.The researcher in this study combined the analytical descriptive approach with field studies of examples of charitable waqf institutions located in the geographical area of the study and interviewed prominent personalities in the field. In addition to adopting a questionnaire to extrapolate the opinions of the study community, then analyzing them in a statistical and numerical analysis that included all the axes of the study using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. At the end of the study, the researcher concluded that waqf institutions in the Kingdom of Thailand, despite the challenges they face, play an important role in the development of the local community, in the vital religious, educational, and economic fields. He also presented some suggestions and recommendations that would lead the waqf in the Kingdom of Thailand for the better and make it more capable of performing the role assigned to it, and achieving the goals for which it was established.Some suggestions and recommendations made by the researcher at the conclusion of this study, for example: - Conducting a comparative study on waqf in the Kingdom of Thailand and their counterparts in Islamic countries in order to exchange experiences and benefit from the experiences of others in managing and investing waqf.- Those responsible for waqf in the Kingdom of Thailand should carry out reforms in the field of endowments, including: developing legal legislation for waqf, establishing a scientific and administrative body specialized in waqf affairs, and qualifying workers in it institutions administratively and legally.-The researcher recommends the authorities responsible for waqf in the Kingdom of Thailand to work on the optimal investment of some of the existing waqf funds, and to spend their proceeds in order to support other waqf suffering from financial distress, and to develop the necessary plans to revive the stalled waqf due to lack of funding.

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