รูปแบบการจัดการท่องเที่ยวเชิงประวัติศาสตร์พื้นที่จังหวัดสงขลา

Abstract

The objectives of the study of A model of historical tourism management of Songkhla Province are 1) to study the potential of historical tourism management in Songkhla 2) to study the potential of participation in managing historical tourism of people in Songkhla and 3) to study the model of historical tourism route in Songkhla. This is a mixed method research comprising quantitative research and qualitative research. The samples used are 1) community gurus, followers, community leaders 2) religious leaders 3) Songkhla locals 4) academics and state officials and 5) tourism business entrepreneurs. The tool used is 400 sets of questionnaire. For qualitative research, participatory observation and in-depth interview are used with data providers who are community representatives and representatives from government sector and private sector. Quantitative data are analyzed using t-test, One-Way ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient while content analysis is used for qualitative data analysis. In this study, the researcher has explored additional historical tourism attractions in 16 districts of Songkhla Province comprising Chana, Nathavee, Thapha, Sabayoi, Rattaphum, Sadao, Namom, Bangklum, Klonghoikhong, Kuanniang, Singhanakorn, Satingphra, Krasaesin, Ranod, Hatyai and Muang Songkhla. It was found that there are more of 86 significant historical tourism attractions classified by historical era into 4 periods comprising; first period; Before Muang Songkhla (Pre-historical period: 3,500 years before Buddha era – around B.E. 5), second period, Muang Songkhla at Hua Kao Dang (Before B.E.22 – end of B.E. 23), third period, Muang Songkhla at Lamson (B.E.2223-B.E.2379) and fourth period, Muang Songkhla at Boyang (B.E.2379-present). The quantitative study was found that the potential to attract tourists for historical value in Songkhla Province is moderate (X=3.29) and it was found from each aspect consideration that almost every aspect is moderate except some aspects with opinion that the potential is of high level such as the aspect of physical identity(70.8%). For historical importance, it is commented that the potential is of low level (63.8%). The potential to support tourism is of high level (X=3.61). The potential to develop tourism is moderate. Management potential and management on tourist attraction preservation is moderate. The potential of management on participation of local community is low (X=0.28). It was found that participation of local community is of low level in almost every aspect. Local community is part of tourism activities such as tour guiding and giving services with the least mean of 0.22 The qualitative study was found The qualitative study was found that there are many levels of participatory historical tourism management of people in Songkhla for problems, planning, practicing activity, making decision, tracking and evaluation with the highest level of participation in searching for problems. That is to say people help coordinate with related authorities in planning and solving problems that happen in each tourist attraction. People in most area cooperate in doing tourism activity of government and private sector but still lack the creation of new activity. Tour program should be arranged in accordance with the historical period just like the samples of participatory historical tourism routes comprising 3 routes as follows. Route No.1 “Follow the route of first historical period; Muang Songkhla period at Hua Kao Dang”. Route No.2 “Follow the route of second historical period; Muang Songkhla at Lam Son” and route No.3 “Follow the route of the three Somdej belief” comprising Somdej Chao Phako, Somdej Chao Kohyai and Somdej Chao Kohyo. and new generation of entrepreneur jointly make historical tourism program that accords with time and present technology which is considered an important value creation to historical tourism in Songkhla Province. Problems and obstacles concerning the participatory historical tourism management in Songkhla Province are that most people still lack knowledge of history of tourist attraction, And lack knowledge of historical stories Suggestion from the research on A model of historical tourism management in Songkhla Province is that this in order to hand in cultural heritage from generation to generation, it has to prepare local people to realize value of historical means. Therefore, there should be a true support of participation of local sector from both government sector and private sector Creating models of historical tourism route following the era in order to learn and building awareness of value. which will eventually create added value to the area and sustainably make income to community.