ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อผลผลิตยางพาราของเกษตรกรในพื้นที่ภาคใต้ฝั่งตะวันออกของประเทศไทย

Abstract

This study aimed to find out factors affected rubber production of rubber farmers on the Eastern Coast of Southern Thailand. This study was a quantitative research with objectives to investigate economic and social characteristics of rubber farmers. The study also looked at the amount of rubber production/rai/year with various forms of dry rubber content (DRC) and analysis related to economic and social factors. Then guidelines for increasing rubber production/rai/ year were suggested. A sample of 375 rubber farmers from 8 provinces on the western area in the South was included for this study. Those provinces were Chumphon, Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat Region 1, Nakhon Si Thammarat Region 2, Phattalung, Songkhla Region 1, Songkhla Region 2, Yala, Narathiwat, and Pattani. Simple random sampling and structured instrument were used for the interview. Mean, Percentage, Standard Deviation (SD), Factor Analysis, and Multiple Regression were used for statistical analysis of data. The studied results for Part 1 related to economic and social characteristics and rubber production of farmers indicated that most of economic and social characteristics of farmers and household labor had 1-2 labor with regularly hiring for rubber tapping. Most of them had land holdings for 26-45 rai with an average income for 267,196.04 baht and an average expense for 187,823.13 baht. For social characteristics of farmers, the study found that farmers were at ages of 41-50 years with an average age of 46.60 years. Most of farmers were male, finished primary school, had main occupation by working with rubber plantation, had 11-20 years for farming experiences, and had 3-4 family members in their households. For rubber production of farmers during the 1" period for rubber planting activities (0-1 year), the study found that an average of 11.31 rai of planting areas received replanting aid fund and the most (8) of rubber clones used were RRIM 600. During the 2d period for rubber plantation management activities (2 years - start tapping at present) the study found that most farmers used chemical fertilizers with formulas 20-8-20 and 15-15-15. Part 2 for the amount of rubber production/rai/year with various forms of dry rubber content (DRC), the study found that an average of fresh latex/rai/year gave DRC for 234.08 kg/rai/year, an average or raw rubber sheet gave DRC for 359.18 kg/rai/year, cup lumps gave DRC for 230.98 kg/rai/year, and an average of total rubber production was 268.36 kg/rai/year. Part 3 for economic, social, and production factors affected amount of DRC production/rai/year, the study found that there are significant variables all 6 variables. The sex was statistically significant at the level of 0.05 variable main occupation and farmers satisfaction level 0.01 variables and age. Experience in farming. Plantation was higher 0.001. The following equation yield dry rubber content per acre per year = 21.525 + 0.012 age - 0.774 sex - 1.005 occupation + 0.054 experience in farming. 0.565 + farmers + 0.219 planting rubber. Part 4 for problems and hindrance that affected production/rai/year of farmers not to serve the strategy, the study found that production technology and rubber plantation management and rubber tapping had average of low overall images at 1.74 level and 1.84 level, respectively. For weather condition affected rubber production with some problems, the study found that an average of overall images equated to 2.78 level.