ปัจจัยทำนายคุณภาพชีวิตผู้ป่วยวัยผู้ใหญ่ตอนต้นที่มีภาวะกล้ามเนื้อหัวใจขาดเลือด

Abstract

This predictive research design, aimed to examine 1) level of quality of life (QoL), and 2) factors (heart functional capacity, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and social support) predicting QoL among young adult patients with myocardial infarction (MI). The sample consisted of 90 young adult patients aged 18-45 years diagnosed with MI. Data were collected at out-patient departments including medical department, cardio-medical department, surgical department, and rehabilitation department of a tertiary hospital located in southern Thailand. Four instruments were used for data collection: 1) demographic data, health conditions, and data related to myocardial infarction, 2) physical activity questionnaire, 3) Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and 4) quality of life questionnaire (QoL), scored on a scale of 1) mild (0-10), 2) moderate (11.01-20), and 3) high (21.01-30). The content validity of questionnaires was examined by three experts. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for physical activity questionnaire, MSPSS, and QoL were .88, .94, and .96, respectively. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. The results revealed that 1) level of QoL among young adult patients with MI was at a high level (M = 20.45, SD = 4.10), 2) heart function capacity, physical activity, and social support could significantly predict quality of life among young adult patients with MI with a coefficient of determination of 26.3% (Adjusted R 2 = .263, F = 11.62, p = .029). The results also showed that social support could significantly predict QoL (β = .414, p = .000), followed by physical activity (β = .264, p = .001), and heart function capacity class II (β = -.160, p = .037).

The results provide basic information for developing a program to promote QoL among young adult patients with myocardial infarction. In addition, further study is needed to examine QoL in different contexts or to compare QoL among patients with MI who received different treatments.