รูปแบบการเจริญและการผลิตสารพฤกษเคมีจากการเพาะเลี้ยงลำต้นใต้ใบเลี้ยงของทุเรียนเทศ (Annona muricata L.)

Abstract

Soursop (Annona muricata L.) which belongs to the Annonaceae family has some important phytochemical substances, especially annonaceous acetogenins (ACGs) with anti-tumor activity. Therefore, this plant has received attention for many researchers. Plant growth regulators affecting in vitro morphogenesis, detection of ACGs and fats, and the presence of calcium oxalate crystals were examined. The transverse thin cell layer (tTCL) explants excised from hypocotyls of in vitro germinated seedlings were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2, 4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) (0, 2 and 4 mg/L) in combination with 6- benzyladenine (BA) (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/L) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0, 0.5 and 1 mg/L) in combination with 6-benzyladenine (BA) (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/L). The results showed that MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L IBA and 3 mg/L BA was the most suitable medium for induction of light green friable callus. The MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L IBA alone gave the highest percentage of shoot formation (60.00±17.72). The shoots were rooted and grew well after culture on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L IBA for 32 weeks. The ACGs detected by Kedd's reagent were found in the subspherical idioblasts appearing at all position of the 1st, 3rd and 8th leaves from both nature and in vitro induced shoots. Unfortunately, ACGs were absent in callus. Fat body accumulation was observed in callus from natural leaves and leaves of in vitro induced shoots. However, calcium oxalate crystals were found only in the natural leaves.