ผลของโปรแกรมการพยาบาลผสมผสานสมาธิบำบัดเอสเคที 1 และ 7 ต่อความวิตกกังวล และอาการคลื่นไส้อาเจียนในผู้ป่วยมะเร็งปอดที่ได้รับเคมีบำบัด

Abstract

Practicing meditation can have positive effects on both physical and psychological health, particularly for cancer patients. Regular meditation practice can reduce anxiety and relieve nausea and vomiting. This study aimed to test the impact of a nursing care program integrating Somporn Kantaradussadee Triamchaisri (SKT 1 and 7) meditation (NCPI-SKTM) on anxiety, nausea and vomiting in lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. A pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental design using two groups was applied with 28 participants assigned equally into an experimental group of 14 cases and a control group of 14 cases. The experimental group received the NCPI-SKTM (SKT 1 and 7) four times per day for six weeks combined with standard care, while the control group received only standard care. The participants received follow-up by telephone on days 1, 2, and 3, as well as at weeks 2 and 4, and 1 day before the next visit until the 6-week intervention was completed. Anxiety was measured at baseline, week 3, and week 6 of intervention using the State Anxiety measurement; the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was .94. Acute and delayed nausea and vomiting were measured at baseline and week 3 of intervention (on day 4 after receiving the first cycle and the second cycle of chemotherapy) using the Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching (INVR) questionnaire; the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was .96. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, Chi-square, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney U test, and two-way repeated measures ANOVA. The findings revealed the following: 1. After completion of the NCPI-SKTM, the experimental group had a mean score for the state of anxiety with at least 1 pair statistically significant difference (F = 22.16, p < .001). A paired comparison indicated that the mean scores for the state of anxiety at week 3 (p < .001) and week 6 (p < .001) of the intervention were significantly lower than at baseline. However, the mean scores for the state of anxiety showed no statistically significant difference between week 3 and week 6 (p = .09). 2. A comparison of the mean scores for the state anxiety within the control group between the baseline, week 3 (p = .29), and week 6 (p = 1.0) showed no statistically significant difference. 3. After the completion of the NCPI-SKTM, the experimental group had a mean score for the state of anxiety with at least 1 pair statistically significant difference (F = 155.94, p < .001). A paired comparison indicated that the mean scores for the state of anxiety at baseline between the experimental and control groups showed no statistically significant difference (p = .33). However, the mean scores for the state of anxiety at week 3 (p < .001) and week 6 (p < .001) were statistically and significantly lower than that of the control group. 4. The mean scores for severity and distress from acute nausea and vomiting within the experimental group between the baseline and week 3 showed no statistically significant difference (z = -1.53, p =.13). However, the mean score for severity and distress from delayed nausea and vomiting at week 3 was significantly lower than at baseline (z = -2.55, p = .01). 5. A comparison of the mean scores for severity and distress from acute and delayed nausea and vomiting within the control group between the baseline and week 3 showed no statistically significant difference (z = -.45, p = .66, z = -1.67, p = .10, respectively). 6. The mean scores for severity and distress from both acute and delayed nausea and vomiting between the experimental and control groups after completion of the NCPI-SKTM, the mean score for severity and distress from both acute and delayed nausea as well as vomiting in the experimental group at week 3 was significantly lower than the score for the control group (z = -2.12, p = .03, z = -4.15, p < .001, respectively). Accordingly, the NCPI-SKTM should be applied as complementary care to help prevent and relieve anxiety, nausea and vomiting for lung cancer patients who are suffering from the side effects of chemotherapy.