การศึกษาภาวะผู้นำของผู้นำกลุ่มชาวนาในพื้นที่การรุกล้ำของน้ำเค็ม อำเภอระโนด จังหวัดสงขลา

Abstract

The objectives of this research were 1) to study the general information of the rice farmers in salt intrusion area 2) analyze the leadership characteristics of rice- famers' leader and 3) analyze the rice-farmers leader's behavior based on the management grid of Blake and Mouton. The data collection tool applied in this research was a structured questionnaire with the famers' member about 180 people and analyzing the level of leadership characteristics and behaviors, and the relationship by using Person Correlation. The result found that 1) Ranot district is the area that is the most appropriate area for growing rice in Songkhla province. Some of the area close to Songkhla lake and gulf of Thailand. The rice field are affected by the salt intrusion in the period that the salted water has raised in May to June which is the same time that the famers do the second rice crop. Therefore, the rice field can be damaged and it cause the establishment of the community plan to cope with the salted water. In Ranot district, there are several agricultural parties including rice-farmers' group. In each particular area, there are about 6 groups of rice-farmers and each group has operated for average 10 years. Most of the members are female in average age 53 years old 2) The analyzing of level of leadership found that the overall characteristic of leadership was in high level (X=3,96) by having the characteristic which related to production concern in the highest average (X-4.09), the next one is the social background X-3.98), the personality characteristics of leaders (X=3,97), social characteristic X-3.94), physical characteristic (X-3,93), and knowledge and capability (X-3.86), respectively. 3) the analyzing of behavior pattern of rice-farmers' leader from all 6 groups compared with the managerial grid of Blake and Mouton found that the famers" leader has the leader behavior by team management (6.58, 7.27) and the analysis of correlation between general information of groups and the characteristics of leaders and behaviors of leaders which focused on production concern found that the characteristic of leader about knowledge and capability, physical characters, social characters, personality characteristics of leaders, social background, and outcome orientation have positive correlation with the leader's behavior with significant level of 0.01. For the period of group establishing and the concurrent number of members in each group found that there is no correlation with the leader behavior which focus on production concern. Moreover, the analysis of the correlation between general information of group and characteristic of leadership and leader behavior which focused on people concem found that the leader characteristic about knowledge and capability, physical characters, social characters, personality characteristics of leaders, social background, and outcome orientation has positive correlation with significant level of 0.01 while the period of establishing group has the negative correlation with significant level of 0.05. Hence, the encouragement of the factor of knowledge and capability, physical characteristic, social character, personality characteristic and outcome orientation will cause the management of agricultural group effective, efficient and useful for all members in advance.