ผลของการสับ สภาพวางเลี้ยงและสารแอนติออกซิแดนท์ต่อการเพิ่มปริมาณและการพัฒนาของโซมาติกเอ็มบริโอของปาล์มน้ำมันพันธุ์ทรัพย์ ม.อ.

Abstract

Effects of chopping, culture conditions and antioxidants on proliferation of embryogenic callus and somatic embryo formation of oil palm were investigated. Haustorium embryos (HE) of oil palm were chopped into small pieces at different strokes. The results revealed that wounding by chopping HE at 100 strokes gave the best result in percentage of somatic embryo formation at 45 and the highest number of somatic embryos at 4.13 embryos/tube. For culture conditions. The culture in both dark and light gave the same percentage of somatic embryo formation at 82, but light condition gave the higher number of HE at 5.06 embryos/tube. Dark condition gave the higher callus induction at 90% but lower area of browning. The better temperature for somatic embryo proliferation was 28+2 °C. For antioxidants, chopped HE cultured on oil palm culture medium (OPCM) supplement with 200 mg/l ascoric acid gave the highest number of somatic embryos at 9.15 embryos/tube. However, 200 mg/l citric acid containing OPCM medium gave the highest fresh weight of callus at 278 mg and lowest number of browning somatic embryos at 4.95 embryos/tube. Somatic embryo cultured on MS medium supplement with 0.2 M sorbitol and 200 mg/l ascorbic acid gave the highest shoot formation at 7.11 shoots/HE. This protocol will be very useful for propagation of oil palm clone in future.