การขยายพันธุ์ปาล์มน้ำมันพันธุ์ทรัพย์ ม.อ. ที่ให้ผลผลิตสูงด้วยการเพาะเลี้ยงใบอ่อนจากต้นกล้า

Abstract

The Influence of culture media on callus induction from culturing young leaves of seedling clone No. 6 on two different culture media, oil palm culture medium (OPCM) and Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2.5 mg/l dicamba (3,6 dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic-acid) for 6 months was examined. The results showed that OPCM medium gave callus induction frequency 15% higher than that of MS medium. However, the percentage of browning obtained from OPCM was at 13.33% significantly lower than that from MS medium. Wounding callus of clone C3/77 (25) by chopping 100 times subsequent to culture on Eeuwens (Y3) medium with 0.1 mg/l dicamba for 1 month gave the highest embryogenic callus (EC) fresh weight (at 0.78 g), somatic embryo (SE) induction (at 48%) and number of SEs/tube (at 1.2 embryos). Culture medium with 100 mg/l ascorbic acid (AA) and 0.2% activated charcoal (AC) gave the highest fresh weight of EC (at 1.03 g), SE induction (at 100%) and number of SEs/tube (at 2.89 embryos). PGR free MS medium with 0.2 M sorbitol and 0.2% AC gave the highest frequency of secondary somatic embryo (SSE) formation (at 25%) and number of SSEs/tube (at 1.25 cluster embryos). For plantlet regeneration, SSEs cultured on PGR-free MS medium without AC gave significantly the highest frequency of shoot formation (at 16.66%) and number of shoots/tube (at 1 shoot).