องค์ประกอบชนิดของปลาเป็ดและความสูญเสียทางการเงินจากการใช้ลูกปลาเศรษฐกิจโดยประมงอวนลากในจังหวัดสงขลา

Abstract

Trawl fisheries are indiscriminately catching any size of marine animals, juvenile fish included, which are not fully mature and do not have high economic value, leading to financial loss. This is the origin of the study of the species composition of trash fish and financial losses from the utilization of juvenile economic fish by medium size (14-18 m length) trawl fisheries landed at Songkhla Fishing Port to obtain preliminary data for planning for efficient and sustainable fishery resource utilization. Samples were collected during July and December 2013 from 14 fishing trawl vessels. The samples before classification weighed 50.740 kg. After classification, identifiable trash fish, unclassifiable fish and garbage (including shells, shrimp shells, rocks, corals, sea fans, and sponges) weighed 26.844, 15.938 and 7.958 kg, respectively. From all classifications of trash fish, 36 families composing of 69 species (44 species of real trash fish and 25 species of juvenile economic fish) were found. The three most abundant fish were Photolateralis stercorarius, Nuchequula gerreoides and Karalla daura, respectively. In terms of financial losses caused by the use of juvenile economic fish in the form of trash fish, the pair-trawl group had on average more financial losses than the otter board trawl group. The average financial loss of pair-trawl vessels was 240,650 baht per vessel per trip. The average financial loss of the otter board trawl group was 208,236.47 baht per vessel per trip. If considering monthly, September was the month with the highest financial loss, worth 1,791,796.69 baht and the least month was July, worth 45,969.95 baht. Therefore, if juvenile economic fish grow, growth will create added value. Thus it should find ways to reduce financial losses, such as seriously enforcing relevant fishing laws and research to find raw materials for animal feed to replace fishmeal leading to reduce the amount of fish caught.