ผลการส่งเสริมผงถ่านไม้ไผ่ร่วมกับน้ำส้มควันไม้ไผ่ต่อการยับยั้งแบคทีเรียและสมรรถภาพการผลิตของลูกสุกรหย่านม

Abstract

This study is aimed to investigate the effect of bamboo charcoal powder, bamboo vinegar, and bamboo charcoal powder containing bamboo vinegar (BCV) at different levels on the growth of bacteria in vitro and to study the effect of BCV supplementation in weanling pig diet, including 2 experiments. The first experiment was of examining the effect of bamboo charcoal powder, bamboo vinegar, and bamboo charcoal powder containing bamboo vinegar (2:1) at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0% and antibiotic on the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum in vitro. Compared to the control group, the use of bamboo charcoal powder at the level of 2.0% had inhibitory effects on the growth of all types of bacteria. Using bamboo vinegar at the level of 1.5% resulted in the inhibition of E. coli, Salmonella typhi and Bacillus subtilis, but did not affect the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum. The use of BCV at all levels reduced the growth of E. coli. The use of 2.0% BCV inhibited the growth of Salmonella typhi and using 1.5% BCV reduced the growth of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum. Antibiotic could inhibit the growth of all types of bacteria. The second experiment was of studying the effect of bamboo charcoal powder containing bamboo vinegar (2:1) supplementation in weanling pig diet on productive performance, diarrhea incidence, blood parameter and fecal bacteria. Thirty-six, three crossbred pigs (Large white x Landrace × Duroc Jersey) weaned at 4 weeks were randomly assigned into 6 treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replicates and 2 weaned pig per pen (barrow and gilt). They were fed with basal diet supplemented with BCV at 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0% and antibiotic for 4 weeks. The results showed that supplementing the diet with BCV did not affect body weight, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio. Supplementing the diet with 2.0% BCV resulted in decreased feed intake (P<0.01) and higher feed cost (P<0.05). Diarrhea incidence and hematocrit percentage did not differ after feeding with BCV (P>0.05). Supplementing BCV at various levels did not affect fecal Lactobacillus spp., but the use of 2.0% BCV resulted in less fecal E. coli than the control (P<0.05). The use of antibiotics reduced the growth of both fecal E. coli and Lactobacillus spp. The results indicate that adding bamboo charcoal powder, bamboo vinegar and combination could reduce the growth of bacteria in the laboratory scale. Supplementing the diet with BCV at higher levels had affected feed intake and feed cost significantly. BCV supplementation had the effect of reducing fecal pathogenic bacteria, but did not affect the existence of beneficial bacteria.