??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????? (SMTE) ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 5

Abstract

This research is a Research and Development (R&D) study aimed at achieving three key objectives: (1) to investigate the challenges in project-based learning management in the Science, Mathematics, Technology, and Environment (SMTE) special classroom, (2) to develop a teaching methodology for project-based learning using Design Thinking, and (3) to examine the impact of Design Thinking on both teachers� instructional approaches and students' creative problem-solving abilities. The study's participants included six project-based learning teachers and 29 11th-grade students enrolled in the SMTE program during the second semester of the 2024 academic year. The research employed focus group discussions, teacher self-assessment questionnaires, and creative problem-solving tests for students as data collection instruments. The findings can be summarized as follows:1.The challenges in project-based learning management were categorized into four key areas: curriculum and instructional structure, teacher-related issues, student-related issues, and administrative and support-related challenges.2.Teachers successfully integrated Design Thinking into project-based learning with administrative support and appropriate resources, leading to an improved instructional process.3.The implementation of Design Thinking significantly enhanced both teachers' instructional effectiveness and students� creative problem-solving abilities, yielding highly positive outcomes.These findings highlight the potential of Design Thinking as an effective framework for improving project-based learning in SMTE classrooms, fostering both pedagogical development among teachers and creativity-driven problem-solving skills among students.

???????????????????????????????????? (Research anddevelopment: R&D) ??????????????????? 1) ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????? (SMTE) ???????????????? 2) ??????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? 3). ?????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ??????????????????????? ??? ???????????????????? ????? 6 ?? ??????????? ???????????????????????? 5 ????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????? (SMTE) ????? 29 ?? ??????????? 2 ?????????? 2567 ?????????????????????????? ??? ????????????????, ??????????????????????????????, ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 1) ?????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? 4 ??????? ??? ??????????????????????????????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????? 2) ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? (Design Thinking) ??????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? 3) ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????