การเปรียบเทียบความสามารถในการต้านเชื้อและการคงฤทธิ์ของอนุภาคซิลเวอร์นาโนขนาดต่าง ๆ ในโพลอกซาเมอร์ 407 เจล และในมาโครกอลผสมโพรพิลีนไกลคอล สำหรับใช้ในคลองรากฟัน

Abstract

Incomplete disinfection of root canal system may result in root canal treatment failures. Enterococcus faeculis and Candida albicans are the most commonly detected species in case of failed endodontic treatment. Antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles can be shown against broad-spectrum of microorganism; recent studies have focused on using silver nanoparticles for disinfect root canal in the form of medication. The characteristic feature of silver nanoparticles is in liquid form. Therefore, this study focused on the development of a novel silver nanoparticles gel in various vehicles to be suitable for use as an intracanal medicament. A recent study to compare the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles in various vehicles was limited. This study aimed to evaluate the comparison of antimicrobial activity and substantivity of various sizes of silver nanoparticles in poloxamer 407 gel and in macrogol mixed with propylene glycol as an intracanal medicament. The antimicrobial susceptibility of planktonic forms was performed by using agar diffusion, broth microdilution methods, and agar dilution method. Then, a types of silver nanoparticles have shown the most antimicrobial susceptibility was used in human tooth model. The results revealed that silver nanoparticles in tannic acid of a 200 PPM silver nanoparticles suspension and nanoparticle diameter 5-10 nm had the most antimicrobial activity. Both E. faeculis and C. albicans were susceptible to this tested agent with the most degree of inhibition zone. Although this agent was not able to eliminate E. faeculis but gave the lowest action MIC and gave the lowest action MIC & MBC against C. albicans. The application this agent with a high concentration at 10,000 PPM was able to eliminate both organisms. Therefore, this agent was used to develop the vehicle containing silver nanoparticle suspension to study in human tooth model. The antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles in poloxamer 407 and in macrogol mixed with propylene glycol in human tooth model found that silver nanoparticles in macrogol mixed with propylene glycol and silver nanoparticles in poloxamer 407 resulted in significant decrease in number of colonies of both organisms compared to macrogol mixed with propylene glycol and poloxamer 407, respectively (p<0.05). The number of colonies of both organisms observed after dressing with silver nanoparticles in macrogol mixed with propylene glycol was significantly less than observed in silver nanoparticles in poloxamer 407 (p<0.05). The number of colonies of both organisms in root dentin samples collected from the depth of 0.1 mm had significantly differ from 0.2 and 0.3 mm (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in number of colonies between 0.2 and 0.3 mm depth in both organisms (p>0.05). The antimicrobial substantivity results showed that silver nanoparticles in both vehicles have not provided residual antimicrobial effects against both organisms in dentin.