โมเดลการปรับตัวในการใช้เทคโนโลยีและนวัตกรรมการจัดการสวนยางพาราจากผลกระทบการแพร่ระบาดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา COVID-19 ของผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียในห่วงโซ่อุปทานยางพาราภาคต้นน้ำ: กรณีศึกษาจังหวัดสงขลา

Abstract

The project Adaptation Model of Technology Usage and Rubber Management Innovations from the Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak of Stakeholders in Upstream Rubber Supply Chain: Case on Songkhla Province in the South of Thailand aimed to examine the situations of production, impact, and adaptation of rubber production innovation management of stakeholders in upstream rubber supply chain due to COVID-19 outbreak. This study also investigated impact factors related to the economy, society, production technology & environment of rubber farmer households due to the COVID-19 outbreak, strategies, adaptation methods for production management, and technology usage for rubber production. Then a model would be synthesized for adaptation of technology usage and suitable rubber production innovation management. Quantitative and qualitative studies were conducted with sample groups composed of rubber farmer households working with rubber plantations in Songkhla province which were rubber traders such as latex groups, fresh latex traders, fresh latex ponds, Rubber Fund Cooperative in Songkhla areas, fresh latex centers, and companies and factories buying upstream rubber under the Thai Rubber Association. Descriptive statistics and inference statistics were used for the quantitative data analysis to test the hypothesis. Content analysis was used for the qualitative data analysis. The results of the study indicated the following. (1) Rubber farmer households had received impacts of major social factors i.e., welfare, impacts of major economic factors i.e., household income, and impacts of major production technology & environment i.e., lower products and production. For the adaptation of rubber farmer households, the study indicated that reducing the days of tapping made fewer products. For impact factors related to economy, society, and production technology & environment, the study indicated that the whole image of an average correlation value of the social impact factor at 0.582 was significantly important at the 0.01 level. The study indicated that the whole image of an average correlation value of the economic impact factor at 0.482 was significantly important at the 0.01 level. The study indicated that the whole image of an average correlation value of the production technology & environment impact factor at 0.582 was significantly important at the 0.01 level. For the 3 impact factors, the study could predict, or those 3 impact factors would influence strategies and adaptation methods of production management and technology usage at 63.7% (R2 adjust=0.637). (2) Fresh latex traders had received the most impact which was the falling price of fresh latex. (3) Rubber Fund Cooperative for the whole image had received the most impact caused by the COVID-19 outbreak which was lower selling rubber products of members. (4) Fresh latex centers had received negative impacts not too severe with a bit impacts which were the low price of fresh latex and the closing of latex-buying factories. (5) Fresh latex pond had received impacts. Although the business was running, there was an amount of fresh latex at 50% lower. (6) Rubber industries and rubber companies had received not too many impacts on the businesses which were the shortage of labor in particular of foreign labor and feeding of products to businesses was 20% lower. Major suggestions for the adaptation of technology usage and rubber production innovation management of stakeholders in the upstream rubber supply chain due to the COVID-19 outbreak were doing business for extra income and lowering the cost of production. For the whole image of adaptation for technology usage and production innovation management of stakeholders in the upstream rubber supply chain due to the COVID-19 outbreak, there were 3 components that were the whole image of impacts that contributed to the adaptation of technology usage, rubber production innovation management of stakeholders in the upstream rubber supply chain, and the feedback system for the sustainability of future production improvement.