ผลของโปรแกรมการส่งเสริมความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพต่อพฤติกรรมป้องกันโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือด ของบุคคลที่มีความเสี่ยงสูงต่อการเกิดโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือด

Abstract

This quasi-experimental research aimed to examine the effect of a health literacy promotion program on cardiovascular preventive behaviors among persons with high risk of cardiovascular disease. The sample consisted of 62 high-risk persons with cardiovascular disease, divided into a control group and an experimental group, each of 31 subjects selected by purposive sampling. The experimental group received a health literacy promotion program for 8 weeks and the control group received routine nursing care. The health literacy promotion program was developed by employing Nutbeam's health literacy theory in cooperation with the practice of 6 skills of health literacy comprising 1) cognition, 2) access, 3) communication skill, 4) self-management, 5) media literacy, and 6) decision skill. The tools used for data collection were the general information questionnaire and the cardiovascular preventive behavior questionnaire. The scale-level content validity index of the cardiovascular preventive behavior questionnaire validated by three experts was 0.96. Reliability was tested and yielded a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.80. Data were analyzed by frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired t-test and independent t-test. The results revealed that: The mean score of cardiovascular preventive behaviors of the experimental group after receiving health literacy promotion program was statistically significantly higher than that of the control group (t = 9.74, p < .05) and the mean score of cardiovascular preventive behaviors of the experimental group after receiving of health literacy promotion program was statistically significantly higher than that before receiving the program (t = 24.86,p < .05) This research demonstrates that health literacy promotion program can encourage individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease to adopt preventive cardiovascular behaviors to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in the future