การกำหนดอายุของเครื่องปั้นดินเผาและเปลือกหอยน้ำจืดด้วยเทคนิคลูมิเนสเซนซ์ จากแหล่งโบราณคดีเพิงผาทวดตา ทวดยาย จังหวัดสงขลา

Abstract

Presumably, Thoud-Ta Thoud-Yai Archaeological Site, Songkhla Province, is a prehistoric archaeological site in southern Thailand. Due to the discovery of numerous archaeological artifacts, including fossil shells, beads, human skeletons, animal bones, and pottery fragments. The objective of this study is to analyze the age of pottery fragments and freshwater fossil shells using luminescence. Both samples were at the same soil depth of 50–60 cm. Using X-ray diffraction (X-ray) to investigate the crystal structure, it was found that the extracted pottery samples had a quartz structure. Freshwater fossil shells are composed of aragonite and calcite. The dating procedure using the luminescence technique is Divided into two parts: accumulated dose and annual dose. In the first section, it was found that the most suitable temperature for age pottery was 180°C, which was determined by the TL technique applied to samples of pottery. The average accumulated dose of the samples was 12.49 ± 0.12 Gy, while that of the OSL pottery samples was 12.56 ± 0.01 Gy. The accumulated dose of freshwater fossil shell samples using the TL technique was best aged at 350 °C. The freshwater shell sample dose was 30.49 ± 0.05 Gy. In the second section, the annual dose of the pottery, samples calculated, and fossil shells from freshwater environments. The concentrations of uranium (U-238), thorium (Th-232), and potassium (K-40) in the sample and its surrounding environment determine this, covering cosmic rays. Using gamma-ray measurement equipment using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector and neutron activation analysis, radioactivity was measured. The annual dose for pottery samples was determined to be 1.139 ± 0.113 mGy/year, while that for freshwater shell samples was 3.360 ± 0.200 mGy/year. The following can be used to determine the age of the samples, based on the results of the two analyses mentioned previously: the ages of pottery determined by TL and OSL were 10,930 ±1,090 years and 11,031 ±1,165 years, respectively, while the ages of freshwater shells determined by TL were 9,067 ± 527 years. The ages of pottery and freshwater fossil shells were discovered to be very similar. This is predicated on the assumption that specimens found at the same depth in the soil should have ages that are comparable. Additionally, similar age values corroborate the age of the Thoud-Ta Thoud-Yai archaeological site can also say that it is a real archaeological site in the prehistoric era. The results of these studies can also be connected to the history of southern Thailand, which was the focus of this investigation.