ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมการรับรู้สมรรถนะแห่งตนในการออกกำลังกายแบบบาสโลบต่อการทรงตัวและความกลัวการหกล้มของผู้สูงอายุไทย

Abstract

This quasi-experimental two-group pretest-posttest study aimed to examine the effects of Self-Efficacy E. nancement in the Paslop Exercise Program (SEEPEP) on gait balance and fear of falling among Thai elderly. Seventy-four participants who met inclusion criteria were selected from elderly who lived in Tha Kham sub-district, Hat Yai District, Songkhla Province. They were divided into two groups; thirty-seven participants as a control group who received routine care and thirty-seven participants as an experimental group who received the SEEPEP. The program was developed based on the concept of self-efficacy by Bandura and applied with the Paslop exercise program. The instruments used in this study consisted of the education plan, the booklet of Paslop exercise, the record form of exercise activities, and the record form of falling occurrence. The experimental group practised Paslop exercise 3 times a week each for 45 minutes. The SEEPEP was implemented for 6 weeks. Data were collected pre-intervention and post-intervention. The content validity of all instruments was examined by three experts with the content validity index of .90. The Inter-rater reliability yielded a value of 98 for Timed up and go test and a value of 90 for the Fall Efficacy scale. Data of demographic and relevant data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Paired t-test was used to compare gait balance within group and Independent t-test for between groups. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test was used to compare fear of falling within group and Mann-Witney U test for between groups. The result revealed that: 1. The mean score of gait balance at post-intervention in the experimental group was significantly better than that at pre-intervention (t36 = 8.08, p < 001). 2. The mean score of gait balance at post-intervention was significantly better than that in the control group (t72 = 4.31, p < .001). 3. The mean rank of fear of falling at post-intervention in the experimental group was significantly lower than that at pre-intervention (Z = -3.71, p < .001). 4. The mean rank of fear of falling at post-intervention was significantly lower than that in the control group (Z = -2.34, p < 05). Thus, nurses are recommended to apply this SEEPEP in caring for elderly living in the community with similar context.