ผลลัพธ์ทางการพยาบาลในผู้ป่วยมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่ ไส้ตรงและทวารหนักที่มีทวารเทียม ในโรงพยาบาลระดับตติยภูมิแห่งหนึ่งในภาคใต้

Abstract

This descriptive study aimed to examine nursing outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer. The nursing outcomes were (1) ostomy knowledge, (2) body image of having ostomy, (3) ostomy-related self-care ability, (4) prevention of ostomy-related complication, and (5) ostomy-related quality of life. Seventy four patients with colorectal cancers who underwent ostomy surgery in one tertiary care at a hospital, southern Thailand, participated in this study. The nursing outcomes were examined using (1) Ostomy Knowledge Questionnaire, (2) Body Image of Having Ostomy Questionnaire, (3) Ostomy-related Self-care Questionnaire, (4) Prevention of Ostomy-related Complication Questionnaire, and (5) Ostomy- related Quality of Life Questionnaire. The content of these questionnaires was validated by 3 experts. The scale content validity index (S-CVI) of each questionnaire was 0.8, 1.0, 0.61, 1.0, and 1.0, respectively The reliability using Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 of the Ostomy Knowledge Questionnaire yielded a reliability coefficient of .85., and the Cronbach's Alpha coefficients of the Body Image of Having Ostomy Questionnaire and the Ostomy-related Self- Care Ability Questionnaire were .89, and .82, respectively. The interrater reliability of the Prevention of Ostomy-related Complication Questionnaire was .88, and that of the Ostomy- related Quality of Life After Having Ostomy Questionnaire was .89. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that: 1. The overall mean rank of ostomy knowledge was at a high level (Mdn = 93, IQR = .13). 2. The mean score of body image of having ostomy was at acceptable level (M=3.56, SD = .41). 3. The overall mean rank of ostomy-related self-care ability was at a high level (Mdn = 1.67, IQR = .42). 4. The mean rank of ostomy related complication was a normal skin condition surrounding ostomy site (Mdn = 1.00, IQR = .00). 5. The overall mean score of ostomy-related quality of life was at a high level (M = 74.88, SD = 11.03). The results of this study showed that the participants had ostomy knowledge at a high level. They also accepted their body image of having ostomy, had ostomy-related self-care ability at high levels, and had few ostomy-related complications. Ostomy-related quality of life after having ostomy was at a high level. However, when considering each dimension, it was found that 48.7% of the participants had a low to moderate level of nutrition knowledge. Approximately half of them (51.3%) had ability for socialization at a low to moderate level and 54.1% had body image-related quality of life at a low to moderate level. Therefore, nurses should be recommended to promote nutrition knowledge, ability for socialization, and acceptance of body image-related quality of life in order to enhance all dimensions of quality of life for this group of patients.