การใช้สาร Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) บ่งชี้ผลกระทบของกิจกรรมมนุษย์ที่มีต่ออ่าวฉลอง และอ่าวภูเก็ต จังหวัดภูเก็ต

Abstract

Using Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) to indicate human activities on the Phuket coastal area. 51 sediment samples were collected by using a van Veen grab Sample from Chalong bay and Phuket bay, Phuket Province (28 stations at Chalong bay and 23 stations at Puket bay). Quantitative analysis of 16 PAHs which were categorized according to the US-EPA was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Moreover, the multitechnique such as diagnostic ratios, principle component analysis (PCA), Hierarchy cluster analysis (HCA) were applied to apportion the potential source of PAHs in the study areas. The results showed that total concentration of PAHs (PAHs,s) in Chalong bay sediments ranged from 0.39 to 138.49 ng/g dry weight, with an average of 56.209.30 ng/g dry weight. While, ZPAHs, in sediments from Phuket bay ranged from 0.64-526.59 ng/g dry weight, with an average of 64.42+13.43 ng/g dry weight. The Diagnostic ratios plot among An/(An+Phe), Fluo/(Fluo+Pry), B[a]A/(B[a]A+Chry) and Ind/Ind+B[g,h,ilP could be used to identify the potential sources of PAHs from anthropogenic causes in the study area. The studies showed that 80% of PAHs from Chalong and Phuket bay and 20% of PAHs Chalong bay and Phuket bay sediment have originated from petrogenic sources. When comparison are made on the level of contamination of PAHs in the two different areas, the concentration of PAHs sediment in Chalong bay were higher than the Phuket bay because Chalong bay has greater potential source of PAHs such as higher population density, tourism activities, transportation vessels and maritime activates, or oil spill and discharge of waste water from the domestic community. The results of multivariate statistical treatment the potential sources of PAHs with the PAHs analysis.