ศักยภาพทางอัลลีโลพาทีของพันธุ์ข้าวปลูกพื้นเมืองภาคใต้ของประเทศไทย

Abstract

Allelopathy is a phenomenon when donor plant releases chemicals to receiver plant, which can stimulate or inhibit the growth of receiver plant. Highly allelopathic rice cultivars can inhibit the growth of weed. Most nutrient solutions used to grow Hawm Jan cultivar in different conditions could not stimulate or inhibit the growth of test plant. However, extracts from rice shoot had higher inhibition on test plant than extracts from whole rice plant. Extracts from Hawm Jan cultivar grown in low nutrient concentrations had higher inhibition on test plant than extracts from rice grown in normal nutrient concentration. In addition, this study aimed to screen for allelopathic activity of 24 local rice cultivars of southern Thailand using shoot water extracts. Extracts from 24 rice cultivars were tested with lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), the latter is a weed found in rice fields of southern Thailand. Rice cultivars showed different inhibition. Niaw Daeng cultivar had the highest overall inhibition on the tested plants. Results of regression analysis and principal component analysis between growth of rice and inhibition of test plants show weak relationships.