คุณภาพชีวิตผู้ประกอบวิชาชีพ ภาวะผู้นำใฝ่บริการของหัวหน้างาน และสภาพแวดล้อม การปฏิบัติงานที่ดี ของพยาบาลงานอุบัติเหตุฉุกเฉิน โรงพยาบาลชุมชน ห้าจังหวัดชายแดนภาคใต้

Abstract

This correlational descriptive study aimed to 1) examine the level of professional quality of life, namely compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among emergency nurses, servant leadership of head nurses, and positive practice environments, and 2) determine the relationship between professional quality of life, and two variables; servant leadership of head nurses, and positive practice environments. The sample was 250 emergency nurses working in 22 community hospitals, five southern border provinces, Thailand. Stratified sampling was used according to the hospital size. Data were collected by questionnaire comprising 4 sections: 1) the Demographic Data Form 2) the Professional Quality of Life Questionnaire; part I-compassion satisfaction and part II- compassion fatigue; 3) the Servant Leadership Questionnaire; and 4) the Positive Practice Environment Questionnaire. The second to fourth sections of the questionnaire were approved for content validity by 3 experts, yielding CVIs of 1, .94 and 1, respectively. The internal consistency of the questionnaires was tested using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, yielding the values of .86, .88, .98 and .96, respectively. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient. The results revealed that the overall professional quality of life, namely compassion satisfaction of emergency nurses, was at a high level (M=4.03, SD=.51), and the overall professional quality of life, namely compassion fatigue, was at a low level (M=2.41, SD=.56). The overall servant leadership of head nurse and positive practice environments, as perceived by emergency nurses, were at a high level (M=3.78, SD=.73; and M=3.50, SD=.67, respectively). Professional quality of life, namely compassion satisfaction had a significant positive correlation at a low level with servant leadership of head nurses (r=.26, p<.01), and a significant positive correlation at a medium level with positive practice environments (r=.38, p<.01). Professional quality of life, namely compassion fatigue, was not correlated with servant leadership of head nurses (r=-.04, p>.05), but had a significant negative correlation at low level with positive practice environments (r=-.15, p<.01). These findings are useful for increasing compassion satisfaction among emergency nurses by further optimizing their working environment.