สมรรถนะพยาบาลวิชาชีพแผนกอุบัติเหตุและฉุกเฉินในการจัดการความปวดผู้บาดเจ็บและปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้อง

Abstract

This descriptive correlational research aimed to describe emergency nurses' competency in pain management of traumatic patients and identify related factors. The conceptual framework was based on specific competency of care of the traumatic patients of Krongdai (2011) and core competencies for pain management of Fishman et al. (2013). The sample comprised 165 registered nurses operating at the emergency department selected from tertiary hospitals in southern region. The questionnaire covered four core competencies, pain basic knowledge, pain assessment, pain management, pain monitoring, and fifteen sub-competencies. The contents were validated by three experts, yielding on item-level content validity index [I-CVI) of 0.76 and scale level content validity index [S-CVI) of 0.80. Reliability tested by Combach's alpha coefficient was 0.96. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's product moment correlation and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The major findings were as follows: 1. Overall score of emergency nurses' competency in pain management of traumatic patients was at high level (M = 3.61, SD = 0.55). Considering each dimension it was found a high level of competency in pain monitoring (M = 3.81, SD = 0.61), pain management (M = 3.72, SD = 0.52), pain assessment (M = 3.63, SD = 0.53), except, pain basic knowledge was at a moderate level (M= 3.26, SD = 0.52). 2. The emergency nurses' competency in pain management of traumatic patients were not significantly related to work experience of registered nurses in emergency departments, and pain management training. Considering each, pain management were a low positive statistically significant relationship with work experience of registered nurses in emergency departments (r = .24, p < .01). Due to a very low number of emergency nurses who were trained in this study only 17.58%. However, emergency nurses' competency in pain management of traumatic patients is essential. Therefore, all register nurses should be trained to improve their competency in pain management, particularly content related to basic knowledge of pain.