Biological activities of Gel Containing Kaempferia marginata Extract

Abstract

Kaempferia marginata Carey has been traditionally used in the treatment of inflammation. The ethanol extract exhibited the potent anti-inflammatory properties, therefore this study aimed to investigate biological activities on anti-inflammatory, wound healing and anti-oxidant activities. The extract was developed as gel formulations with the physical, chemical and biological stabilities. The anti-inflammatory activity was tested on anti-nitric oxide (NO) production, the wound healing activities were tested on cell proliferation and migration whereas, anti-oxidant activities were tested on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress. The anti-inflammatory activity of gel containing K. marginata of 10% w/w showed the highest activity with an IC50 value of 12.50 (before) and 12.83 μg/ml (after) (Diclofenac gel, IC50 value = 64.90 μg/ml). The wound healing activities of 5% w/w gel showed the highest % cell viability at 134.05 (before) and 134.65% (after) (Aloe vera gel, % cell viability = 92.64%) and the highest % cell migration was at 85.22 (before) and 85.71% (after) (Aloe vera gel, % cell migration = 72.64%). Moreover, the anti-oxidant activity on H2O2-induced oxidative stress activity assay of 10% w/w gel showed the highest % cell viability at 88.66 (before) and 87.94% (after) (vitamin C and vitamin E, % cell viability = 68.45 and 78.12%). However, the study on DPPH radical scavenging assay of samples were inactive. K. marginata gels showed good chemical stabilities which were evaluated by HPLC analysis. The samples were indicated that % desmethoxyyangonin both before and after accelerating conditions of 2.5% w/w were 75.1 and 78.7% and 5.0% w/w were 77.1 and 81.3% vii whereas at 10.0% w/w (77.7% and 84.8%) was slightly different. K. marginata gels also exhibited the good physical stabilities. The evaluations (color, odor and texture) both before and after accelerating conditions of samples were not different. The pH values of 2.5% w/w were 5.63 and 5.72, 5.0% w/w were 5.41 and 5.91 and 10.0% w/w were 6.42 and 6.78. The viscosity (103cP) values of 2.5% w/w were 7.05 and 7.51 ×103cP, 5.0% w/w were 6.03 and 6.43 ×103cP and 10.0% w/w were 6.07 and 7.06 ×103cP which also were not different. Gel containing K. marginata extracts have good anti-inflammatory, wound healing and anti-oxidant properties in vitro and showed physical, chemical and biological stabilities after accelerating conditions. The biological properties from this plant could support its traditional uses and obtain a new pharmaceutical product that has physical, chemical and biological stabilities.