ผลของโปรแกรมการส่งเสริมโภชนาการต่อพฤติกรรมการบริโภคอาหารและยาเสริมธาตุเหล็ก และความเข้มข้นของเลือดในหญิงตั้งครรภ์วัยรุ่นที่มีภาวะโลหิตจาง

Abstract

This quasi-experimental study aimed to test the effects of nutrition promotion program on food and iron supplement consumption behaviors and hematocrit among teenage pregnant women with anemia. The sample consisted of 50 teenage pregnant women with anemia who were receiving antenatal care at a community hospital during May, 2019 to February 2020. They were purposively selected and assigned into the experimental group (n=25) or the control group (n=25). The experimental group received the nutrition promotion program in addition to regular antenatal care service. The control group received regular antenatal care service. The research instruments consisted of 1) the demographic data form 2) the pregnancy data form, and 3) the Food and Iron Supplement Consumption Behaviors form. All instruments were examined for content validity by 3 experts. The reliability of the Food and Iron Supplement Consumption Behaviors Form was tested using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, yielding a value of 90. The data were analyzed descriptively using frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The hypotheses were tested using inferential statistic: independent t-test and paired t-test. The results revealed that: 1. Teenage pregnant women who received the additional nutrition promotion program had significantly higher mean score of food and iron supplement consumption behaviors and hematocrit after intervention than before intervention. (p < .001) 2. After the intervention period teenage pregnant women who had received the additional nutrition promotion program had significantly higher mean score of food and iron supplement consumption behaviors and hematocrit than those in the control group. (p < .001) The study findings indicate that the nutrition promotion program can improve food and iron supplement consumption behaviors and hematocrit among teenage pregnant women with anemia.