การประยุกต์ใช้การประเมินผลกระทบทางสุขภาพแบบเร่งด่วนเพื่อพัฒนารูปแบบการส่งเสริมกิจกรรมทางกายในสวนสาธารณะพื้นที่เทศบาลเมืองเบตง อำเภอเบตง จังหวัดยะลา

Abstract

The purpose of this descriptive research was to develop a physical activity promotion model of Betong Municipality Park, Betong District, Yala Province; by conducting the study according to the 4 steps of health impact assessment, consisting of screening, scoping and impact assessment guideline setting, impact assessment, and review of the draft public evaluation report, conducted between October 2020 and March 2021; collecting data by system for observing play and recreation in communities (SOPARC), satisfaction survey, in-depth interview, focusgroup, and arranging a forum to listen to opinions from a selective group of 50 informants, consisting of Betong municipality administrators and park user representatives, and randomly selected 217 people who used the park in each zone; to survey their satisfaction, analyzed the quantitative data by descriptive statistics, percentage, mean and standard deviation; and analyzed the qualitative data by content analysis. The research results showed that Betong Municipality Park consists of 5 zones, which are the Central Stadium Zone, Rama IX Health Park Zone, Sud Siam Park Zone, Playground Zone, and Golden Jubilee Sports Center Zone. The behavior of park users in all zones in 1 week, there were a total of 2,067 people using Betong MunicipalityPark, an average of 295 people per day, with an average of 268 people using the park on weekdays (Monday to Friday), and with an average of 364 people using the park on weekends (Saturday and Sunday); classified by age group, it is the most adult group, 57.5%, followed by adolescents, 25.4%, the elderly 15.2%, and the least childhood, 1.84%. The physical activity models, number of park users, and level of physical activity by zones; it was found that: 1) the Central Stadium Zone, there were exercise and sports activities such as walking, running, and football; there was the adult group used the most 73.16%, followed by the elderly 13.83%, the group of garden users had the lightest physical activity 53.43%, followed by moderate tovigorous physical activity 43.44%. 2) Rama IX Health Garden Zone, there were recreational activities such as walking, stretching muscles, and sitting/chatting. There were adults and adolescents who used the most, 50.80% and 42.74%, respectively. The garden users had the most sedentary behavior, 36.69%, followed by 35.08% light-intensity physical activity. 3) Sud Siam Park Zone, with recreational activities such as sitting and chatting/sitting and walking in the garden, used by adults and adolescents the most, 43.64 and 30.58 %, respectively. The garden users group had the most sedentary behavior, 44.67%, followed by 34.36% of light-intensity physical activity. 4) Playground Zone, with recreational activities such as chatting/sitting and children playing at the playground. There were adults and adolescents who used the most, 39.94% and 37.02%, respectively. The group of gardeners had the most sedentary behavior, 66.18%, followed by a light-intensity physical activity, 21.87%. 5) Golden Jubilee Sports Center Zone, there were sports activities such as futsal, sepak takraw, badminton, and petanque, with adults and adolescents using the most, 53.95% and 29.37 respectively. The group of garden users had the lightest physical activity, 53.95%, followed by moderate to vigorous physical activity, 25.14%. The results of the analysis of physical activity levels including 5 zones found that light-intensity physical activity was the highest 43.40%, followed by moderate to vigorous30.09%, and the least sedentary behavior26.51%. The level of satisfaction of users of the Betong Municipality Park, it was found that 100% of the overall respondents were satisfied at a high level (X̅= 3.78, S.D. = 0.796) and the assessment of the physical characteristics of the park, it was found that there was a lack of continual maintenance in terms of the physical characteristics of the park and the physical activity promotion model for park users of all age groups. This research has important proposals which are improving the surface condition of the walkway/running track of the Central Stadium, beautifying the landscape around Rama IX Health Park and Sud Siam Park, repairing the playing equipment; and should provide a lighting system around the park walkway. The results of this study are therefore beneficial to Betong Municipality in promoting and increasing the level of physical activity of park users to be comprehensive and in line with the needs of the people.