การจัดการความเสี่ยงภัยพิบัติในพื้นที่ท่องเที่ยวตลาดน้ำคลองเเหของเทศบาลเมืองคลองเเห อำเภอหาดใหญ่ จังหวัดสงขลา

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to look into disaster risk reduction, capacity, and disaster risk management measures implemented by Khlong Hae Municipality, Hatyai District, Songkhla Province in the Khlong Hae Floating Market area. Methods of qualitative research were used. Data were gathered through documentary research and in- depth interviews with six groups of people involved in disaster risk management. These included (1) executives, (2) officials, (3) community leaders, (4) stakeholders, (5) disaster management volunteer and (6) a network of civil society organizations. The analytic induction technique was used for data analysis, and triangulation was used to double-check the research findings. The following are the findings: 1) Flood risk in the Khlong Hae Floating Market area was caused by at least five factors: (1) its low-lying areas where two major rivers intersected; (2) the Klong Hae River became more shallowed due to rubbish and weed in the river; (3) poorlymanaged people settlements; (4) unplanned urban expansion; and (5) poorly- built market stalls and facilities. All these were factors that intensified flood risk in this area. 2) Khlong Hae Municipality's flood risk management capacity is derived from five managerial factors. For starters, it has enough emergency workers and volunteers, but it lacks skill development that is relevant to the increasing severity and unpredictable nature of flood hazards. Second, while the municipality has some materials and equipment, they are only for responding to the most basic impacts. Third, the municipality's disaster risk reduction budget is insufficient due to executive direction that is primarily focused on building basic infrastructure. Fourth, the municipality lacked comprehensive disaster risk management training, and it has prioritized minimizing traffic accidents over reducing disaster risk. Finally, and on the plus side, the municipality has consistently created collaborations with government agencies, neighboring local governments, the commercial sector, and civil society organizations, all of which have aided in increasing its disaster risk management capabilities. 3) Thus far, the municipality has taken both structural and non-structural flood risk management measures. The municipality has established and improved drainage systems, water gates, and water pumps, as well as built flood barriers and water retention zones, among other structural measures. For non-structural measures, the municipality attempted to use non- structural measures such as zoning, land-use planning, and building codes, but enforcement of these measures was ineffective. The findings of disaster risk, capacity, and measures elaborated above were used to develop recommendations for better managing flood risk in the Khlong Hae Floating Market area.