คุณภาพเมล็ดพันธุ์ข้าวหลังการเก็บรักษา และการประเมินความมีชีวิตด้วยวิธีเตตระโซเลียม

Abstract

Storability and tetrazolium test for viability evaluation of Sangyod Muang Phatthalung and Chiang Phatthalung rice seeds were conducted at Seed Laboratory, Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, during May 2019 – May 2020. The rice seeds were stored in plastic woven bag and kept in polystyrene foam box at room temperature and in cold room (10°C) for 12 months. The seeds were sampling at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after storage and subjected to test for moisture content, standard germination, mean germination time, first count germination, soil emergence, electrical conductivity, shoot length, root length and seedling dry weight. The results showed that the Sangyod Muang Phatthalung and Chiang Phatthalung rice seeds stored at room temperature had standard germination of 80.00 and 82.50%, respectively, after being stored for 3 months. The seed germination and vigor dramatically decreased after being stored for more than 9 months. The seeds in cold room storage still had high standard germination of 85.00 and 90.50%, respectively, after storage for 12 months. High seed vigor in terms of soil emergence, shoot length, root length and seedling dry weight, was also found. Therefore, Sangyod Muang Phatthalung and Chiang Phatthalung rice seeds can be stored at room temperature for 3 months or in a plastic woven bag in a cold room (10°C) for 12 months. The Sangyod Muang Phatthalung and Chiang Phatthalung seeds were stored at room temperature and in a cold room. TZ testing for viability evaluation was done at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of storage time, with seeds subjected to concentrations of 0.50, 0.25, 0.125 and 0.0625% with a staining temperature of 30, 35, 40 and 45°C for 2 hours, and compared with standard germination and TZ staining of 1.00% at 30°C for 2 hours. The results showed that no appropriate TZ staining condition could evaluate the viability of Sangyod Muang Phatthalung rice seed. The tetrazolium test with 0.125% salt concentration at 40°C accurately evaluated Chiang Phatthalung rice seed viability. High correlations between the TZ results and seed vigor in terms of mean germination time, first count germination, soil emergence, shoot length, root length and seedling dry weight, were also found.