ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการยอมรับการใช้เชื้อราไตรโคเดอร์มาของเกษตรกรในจังหวัดตรัง

Abstract

This study aimed to 1) study farmers' personal social and economic factors, 2) farmers' knowledge and attitudes toward Trichoderma usage, and 3) Trichoderma adoption and factors relating with Trichoderma adoption among farmers in Trang province. The study sample were 280 farmers who have trained in Trichoderma producing workshop which held by Center of agricultural products optimization project year 2019 in Trang province. Structured interview schedule was used as a research tool. The structured interview schedule had the Index of item-objective congruence or IOC value at 0.97. Moreover, the structured interview schedule had reliability value in section farmers’ knowledge toward Trichoderma usage by using KR-20 method at 0.76, and had reliability value in section farmers’ attitude toward Trichoderma and farmers’ adoption of Trichoderma usage by using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient calculation at 0.70 and 0.89 respectively. Data analysis consist of frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Furthermore, Chi-square test and Pearson correlation analysis were used to explore relationships between farmer’s factors and Trichoderma usage adoption. The results showed that most of the farmers were female with average age 52.10±9.23 years and graduated in primary school. Average family member were 3.10±1.26 people and 2.08±0.71 people were agricultural workers. Most of them did not hold social positions in the community. However, more than half of farmers were member in some organizations. Farmers had 18.36±9.65 years in average farming experience, held average farming area 9.65±7.15 rai most of the area grow vegetables. Yearly average production cost was 8,116.50±5,024.54 baht/rai/year, mostly came from farmer self-funded. Farmers earned average income from agriculture 119,944.25±110,862.80 baht/year. Farmers contacted agricultural extension officer in averaged 5.60±5.22 times/year. Trichoderma was used in an average area of 2.34±2.25 rai/farmer. Farmers had knowledge of Trichoderma at high level with average score 10.89±1.94 out of 15. Farmers had highest score in topic: Trichoderma producing process, meanwhile, they had lowest score in topic: storage procedure for Trichoderma. Farmers' attitude towards Trichoderma usage was at high level with average score of 3.67±0.68 out of 5. Most of the farmers (78.93%) had attitude towards Trichoderma usage at high level and there was no farmer has attitude towards Trichoderma usage below medium level. Farmers' adoption of Trichoderma usage was at the routine practice level with average score 1.87±0.33 out of 3. Almost every farmer (96.79%) had adoption of Trichoderma usage at the routine practice level and there was no farmer has adoption of Trichoderma usage at not practice level. Statistical analysis showed that factors which statistically related (p≤0.05) with farmers' adoption of Trichoderma usage in Trang province were agricultural type (X2 = 7.389, Exact Sig. = 0.027) and farming experience (r = 0.140, p-value = 0.019). The study suggested that should emphasize the topic: Trichoderma storage procedure in the future workshop due to the result have showed that farmers had lowest knowledge in this topic. Finally, should conduct in depth study in experienced farmers to understand and get lesson-learned regarding Trichoderma adoption because the study found that farming experience related with adoption level in order to develop the workshop contents to increase efficiency of promoting Trichoderma usage among farmers in the future.