ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับการเกิดโรคและการฟื้นหายในมุสลิมที่ป่วยเป็นวัณโรคปอด

Abstract

This research is retrospective descriptive study design aimed to describe factors associated with the occurrence of tuberculosis disease (TB) in Muslim patients and factors that are correlated with the recovery of TB in Muslim patients. The sample was a secondary dataset of TB records among Muslim patients registered at community hospitals in Narathiwat province. Simple random sampling without replacement during the period of January-December 2016 yielded 196 TB Muslim patients. Patients were divided into 2 groups: new vs. recurrent TB, and followed up to treatment success. The dataset consisted of two main parts: the TB record (TB01) and the TB register (TB03) according to the Ministry of Public Health form. Content validity of all measurements was examined by 3 experts; data were then analysed using descriptive statistic and Chi-square test. By using the epidemiological triad concept, the findings revealed that factors associated with the occurrence of TB among Muslims patients were as follows: Host factors: marital status (p=.042), history of having previous disease (p= .017), and educational level (p=.026) were found statistically significant at p< .05; while sex, age, occupational, history of TB treatment, and smoking consumption were not statistically significant (p> .05). Agent Factors: history of drug allergy was found statistically significant (p=.023), while BCG vaccination history was not statistically associated (p > .05). Environmental factors: Neither the residential area, history of TB exposure, the ease of travel (to TB clinics) nor the number of bedroom windows were found statistical significant (p>05). In addition, factors related to TB recovery among Muslim patients were as follows: Host factors: the type of TB patient (new vs. recurrent) (p=.003) and X-ray results (p=.002) while sex, age, educational level and HIV blood test were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Agent factors: antiviral therapy (ARV drugs) was found to be statistically significant (p=.002) and prevention of opportunistic infections (OI) (p=.002) was statistically significant. Environmental factors: HIV counseling provision was statistically significant (p=.002) while residential area, DOTS observer ease of travel (to TB clinics), number of bedroom windows were found to be not statistically significant (p> .05). Results of this study should enhance health care providers' understanding about factors associated with the occurrence and factors associated with recovery of TB in Muslim patients. The findings should be incorporated into a practice guideline for preventive activities and for enhancing recovery of the Muslim TB as patient.