การพัฒนารูปแบบการประเมินผลกระทบทางสุขภาพแบบเร่งด่วนกรณีศึกษา นโยบายเขตพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจพิเศษจังหวัดสงขลา

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a model for rapid health impact assessment for policies, programs or projects by using Songkhla Special Economic Zone as the case study. The model was developed using the 4-step based HIA process: 1) developing the initial model, 2) developing the situated model, 3) improving the model, and 4) confirming the model. Data were collected from 89 participants, i.e., 11 government officials, 14 local government officials, 9 academics, 21 community leaders, 30 community dwellers, 1 Independent organization staff, and 3 civil society members, by using quantitative and qualitative methods, that is, literature review, meeting, and interviewing. Content analysis was used to analyze data. The developed rapid health impact assessment model for Songkhla Special Economic Zone consists of 4 steps. The first step is public screening. It uses literature review and meeting between government agencies and stakeholders to consider the need for health impact assessment, defining the initial boundaries, and setting the steering committees and working team. The second step is public scoping. It employs meetings between working team, stakeholders and academics and prioritizes the studied issues and indicators. Assessing is the third step that focuses on secondary data from related agencies with additional surveys and interviews in critical issues. The last step is public reviewing and influencing. They are obtained by acquiring public opinions from the stakeholders and academics meeting and social media. In this step, monitoring team, indicators, and plans are also identified. This rapid health impact assessment model is appropriate for conducting at policy and program level. HIA practitioners should be experienced academicians in cooperation with related governmental agencies.