แรงจูงใจในการทำนาข้าวพันธุ์พื้นเมืองของชาวนาบริเวณคาบสมุทรสทิงพระ จังหวัดสงขลา

Abstract

The objectives of this research were three-fold: (1) to study the social and economic condition of the farmer who were farming indigenous rice at SathingPhra Peninsula; (2) to study local knowledge related farming indigenous rice pattern; and (3) to analysis factors affecting towards incentive of farming indigenous rice by farmer living SathingPhra Peninsula, Songkhla. Data were collected by structural interviews with 380 farmer households and analyzed by multiple-regression using stepwise multiplex regression analysis in order to find factors affecting towards incentive of farming indigenous rice. The study revealed that the average age of farm households was 59.2 years, the average household size was 6.7 acres and farmers had a total household income of 13,730.6 baht per month. The farmed indigenous rice was Chiang Phatthalung, Sungyod, Sungyod Phatthalung, Black Fragrant and Leb Nok Pattani which were 67.5, 25.0, 5.5, 1.1 and 0.8 percent, respectively. The reasons that farmer chose to farm indigenous rice were good taste, high yield, tolerance to climate variability and flooding, easy to harvest, minimal diseases and pests, respectively. The analysis level of incentive of farming indigenous rice was found that the level of motivation was high (X = 3.85) by ecological factors which was important for decision to farm indigenous rice. The difference in motivation level of indigenous rice cultivars was found that the level of 4 districts in SathingPhra Peninsula was different incentive except Krasaesin which was as the same as Ranode district. The result of analyzing in affecting factors towards farming indigenous rice was found that 5 independent variance or 5 variable predictors had influence to indigenous rice cultivars at SathingPhra Peninsula, Songkla which was statistically significant at the level of 0.01 and above. For example, the age of main occupation of the household, household debt, rice field and planting time. The results of this study demonstrated the significant incentives for farmers to continue cultivate indigenous rice. This can be used as a guideline to promote rice farming. In addition to preserving the indigenous rice farming system, it also preserved indigenous rice varieties to remain sustainable.