ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมความสามารถในการดูแลตนเองต่อพฤติกรรมการดูแลเท้า สุขภาพเท้าและระดับน้ำตาลในเลือดในผู้สูงอายุมุสลิมโรคเบาหวานที่ไม่สามารถควบคุมระดับน้ำตาลในเลือด

Abstract

A quasi-experimental one group time series research design aimed to examine the effects of self-care promoting program on foot care behaviors, foot conditions and blood sugar level among Muslim elderly with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Twenty nine participants who met inclusion criteria were selected from a diabetes clinic at Narathiwasrajanagarindra Hospital. Over the first 6 weeks participants received the usual care and in the following 6 weeks received the self-care promotion program. The package for the self-care intervention program included lesson plan, booklet, checklist, and the follow-up assessment form. Data were collected at baseline, pre intervention and post intervention. The content validity of all instruments was examined by three experts. The reliability using Cronbach's alpha yielded a value of .86 for the Foot Care Behaviors Questionnaire (FCBQ) and a value of .96 for the Foot Conditions Questionnaire (FCO). The accuracy of the Blood Glucose Meter (BGM) was within acceptable limits. Data of demographic and relevant data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, One way repeated measure ANOVA and pairwise comparisons using Bonferroni test were used to compare foot care behavior and foot conditions. Friedman test and pairwise comparisons of Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test were used to compare blood sugar levels in each time point. The result revealed that: 1. The mean score of foot care behaviors and foot conditions at the post intervention were statistically higher than that at pre intervention (F(2,52) = 255.26, p < .001) and (F(1,49, 38.84)= 26.91, p < .001), respectively. Pairwise comparison showed that the mean score of foot care behaviors in post intervention were statistically higher than that at baseline and pre intervention (p < .001). However, no statistically significant difference was found between baseline and pre intervention (p > .05). Pairwise comparison of the mean score of foot conditions in post intervention were statistically higher than that at baseline and pre intervention (p < .001). However, no statistically significant difference was found between baseline and pre intervention (p > .05). 2. The mean rank of blood sugar level at the post intervention was statistically decreased as compared to that at pre intervention (2) = 29.96, p < .001). Pairwise comparison found that blood sugar level at the post intervention were statistically decreased than that at baseline (p < .001) and pre intervention (p < .05). in addition, blood sugar level in the pre intervention was statistically decreased than that at baseline (p < .05) Thus it is suggested that nurse are recommended to apply this SCPP in Muslim patients with similar context.