Predictive Factors of Spiritual Well-Being in Nepalese Patients With End Stage Renal Disease Receiving Hemodialysis

Abstract

This was a cross-sectional study aimed to identify the level and factors predicting spiritual well-being of patients suffering from end stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving hemodialysis (HD). A hundred eligible participants who were receiving HD in National Kidney Center, Nepal were selected purposively. Information regarding the demographic and clinical data of the participants was collected using the Patient Data Form (PDF). Data related to pain, fatigue, social support, and spiritual well-being were collected using the Pain Assessment Scale (PAS), Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SS), Religiosity Assessment Scale (RAS), and Spiritual Well-Being Assessment Tool (SWBAT), respectively. The SWBAT consists of two parts including part I: FACIT-Sp-12 (12-Item Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being) and part II: Interview Guide. Content validity of all measurements was examined by three experts. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of FAS, MOS-SS, RAS, and FACIT-Sp-12 were .72, 97, .84, and .79, respectively. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, Pearson's Product Momentum Correlation, and standard multiple regression. The level of spiritual well-being of the participants was at a moderate level (M =22.44, SD = 10.62). The study demonstrated fatigue (B = -23, p = .02), social support (ẞ= .23, p = .01), and religiosity (ẞ= .22, p = .02) as the variables that could statistically predict spiritual well-being in patients receiving HD. The total variance of the significant factors in spiritual well-being was 19.7%. Therefore, nurses are recommended to design interventions to enhance social support and religiosity and decrease fatigue. This will serve to increase the level of spiritual well-being in patients with ESRD receiving HD.