ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมสมรรถนะแห่งตนในการคลอดร่วมกับการใช้แอปพลิเคชันต่อ ความกลัวการคลอดในหญิงตั้งครรภ์วัยรุ่น: การวิจัยทดลอง แบบสุ่มและมีกลุ่มควบคุม

Abstract

Fear of childbirth is a common feeling experienced by pregnant women, and it can occur before, during, or after childbirth. Intense fear has a detrimental effect on physical and psychological statuses of the pregnant women. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to examine the effects of a childbirth self-efficacy enhancement program together with an application on fear of childbirth in pregnant teenagers. The sample was pregnant adolescents receiving antenatal care at Hatyai Hospital. A minimized randomization program was used to assign pregnant adolescents to either an experimental group to receive the the childbirth self-efficacy enhancement program together with the application (n = 64), or a control group who received routine care (n = 64). The research instruments consisted of 3 types: 1) The experimental instruments consisted of the childbirth self-efficacy enhancement program together with the application. 2) The data collection instruments were divided into 3 parts: (1) the demographic characteristics questionnaire, (2) fear of childbirth of pregnant teenagers in the third trimester questionnaire, and (3) the satisfaction with the application of "Mama Can Do It" questionnaire. 3) The instruments used to test the effectiveness of the childbirth self-efficacy enhancement program together with the application were the Thai childbirth self-efficacy inventory. All instruments in this study were content validated by five experts. The reliability of the fear of childbirth of pregnant teenagers in the third trimester (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = .91) and the Thai childbirth self-efficacy inventory. (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = .96) Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and independent t tests. The results showed that: 1. the experimental group that received the childbirth self-efficacy enhancement program together with the application had a statistically significant lower mean score on fear of childbirth than before the intervention. (t = 5.01, p <.001) 2. the experimental group that received the childbirth self-efficacy enhancement program together with the application had a statistically significant lower mean score on fear of childbirth than the control group. (t = 9.82, p <.001) The results indicated that the childbirth self-efficacy enhancement program together with the application can reduce fear of childbirth in pregnant adolescents. Therefore, it is a promising program for caring pregnant adolescents.