การใช้บัตรสวัสดิการแห่งรัฐกับคุณภาพชีวิตประชาชนผู้ถือบัตรในจังหวัดตรัง

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to investigate the level of the use of social welfare cards of people in the Trang Province, Thailand, the card holders’ quality of life, the factors affecting the use of social welfare cards, the factors affecting their quality of life, and the relationship between the use of the welfare cards and the holders’ quality of life. The samples, selected through Simple Random Sampling, were 440 social welfare card holders in two districts, namely Mueang Trang District and Huai Yot District. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Statistical tests for data analysis included frequency, percentage, means, standard deviation, T-test, F-test. The post hoc test of Scheffe was used for the differences between pairs, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient for the level of relationship. The results of the study revealed that the majority of the subjects were females of 41- 50 years of age, with monthly salary of 5,001-10,000 baht in unskilled workforce. They were mostly Buddhists living in Mueang Trang District among 2 - 4 family members. The results revealed that the overall usage of social welfare cards was at medium level with the family aspect at the highest rank. As for the card holders’ quality of life, the research showed the medium level with the social relationship aspect at the highest rank. Concerning the level of the use of social welfare cards when considered through individual factors, salary, job, areas of residency and number of family members had significant effects at 0.05 level Concerning the card holders’ quality of life, age, salary, and job had significant effects at 0.05 level while gender, religion, residency areas, and number of family members showed no significant difference. Finally, the use of social welfare cards had a positive relationship with the holders’ quality of life at the medium level. Suggestions for further studies include 1) adjusting different allowances for card holders of different social contexts in various environments, 2) controlling more strictly the merchandise prices at blue flag stores, 3) screening carefully applicants’ qualifications to prevent fraudulence in the social welfare scheme.