การระบุชนิดของรา Trichoderma species และการคัดกรองสายพันธุ์ที่สร้างเอนไซม์ไคติเนสเบื้องต้น

Abstract

Trichoderma species are ubiquitous saprophytic fungi commonly found in soil. Over 300 Trichoderma species are currently recognized. Some species of the Trichoderma have antagonistic properties against plant pathogenic fungi by producing chitinase enzyme to degrade cell walls. The studies on Trichoderma species in Thailand focus on their application in agriculture, while only few studies on species identification are available. Therefore, the aim of this research was to identify the species and screen chitinase-producing strains of Trichoderma species. Soil samples were collected under trees from 23 sites in Southern Thailand to isolate and identify species of Trichoderma based on combined morphological and molecular analysis. The results showed that 148 Trichoderma isolates were isolated and 16 species were identified as T. afarasin (4 isolates), T. amazonicum (1 isolate), T. atroviride (8 isolates), T. brevicompactum (9 isolates), T. camerunense (2 isolates), T. erinaceus (8 isolates), T. hamatum (1 isolate), T. koningiopsis (9 isolates), T. lentiforme (11 isolates), T. lentinulae (1 isolate), T. longibrachiatum (1 isolate), T. parareesei (4 isolates), T. spirale (7 isolates), T. taiwanense (1 isolate), T. tomentosum (8 isolates) and T. virens (10 isolates), while 63 isolates have not yet been identified. The primary screening of chitinase production on chitinase detection medium showed that all isolated Trichoderma species produced chitinase. Therefore, all isolated Trichoderma species in this study could be further studied for their antagonistic properties for biological control of plant pathogens.