การบูรณาการเทคโนโลยีเคมีกายภาพขั้นสูงเพื่อเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพกระบวนการบำบัดชีวภาพสำหรับน้ำเสียจากอุตสาหกรรมสกัดน้ำมันปาล์ม

Abstract

Oil palm is an important economic crop of Thailand. Most of the planting areas are in Southemn part of the country where, as a result, many palm oil mills are established. Paim oil mill is one of the major sources of water and air pollutions in the area due to the characteristics of its wastewater which is high in organics and oil content making the treatment rather difficult. This research aims to study the application of ozone oxidation, anaerobic treatment, activated sludge system, and menbrane bioreactor to treat palm oil mill wastewater in combination. Results shows that the optimal ozone dose was 3,000 mg/hr with only 15 minutes duration to yield highest BOD:COD ratio change from 0.49 to 0.88. This high BOD:COD ratio indicates the appropriateness of the ensuing biological treatments. In anaerobic treatment, higher COD removal was found when the ASBR system was treating the ozonated wastewater compared to the non ozonated one. Biogas yield (L/gCOD) from the ozonated wastewater was approximately 30% higher. However, the methane content of the biogas from the ozonated wastewater was 54.8% while it was 81.1% from the non ozonated wastewater. In the activated sludge system, COD and BOD removal were 62% and 79%, respectively, when treating non ozonated wastewater while it was as high as 81% and 88% in the membrane bioreactor. When the membrane bioreactor received wastewater from ASBR, COD and BOD removals were around 70% yielding effluent COD of 809 +- 51 mg/L. and BOD of 50 +- 5 mgL. Eficiencies in the removal of other pollutants in all the systems studied as well as the groups of microorganisms found in the activated sludge system and membrane bioreactor were reported.