สุขภาพและปัจจัยคัดสรรที่เกี่ยวข้องกับสุขภาพของแรงงานประมงต่างด้าวในภาคใต้ตอนล่าง

Abstract

This descriptive study aimed to explore health, selected factors, and relationship of selected factors and health of migrant fishing workers in lower southem Thailand. The concepts of holistic health and determining of health were employed. Sample was 150 Cambodia and Myanmar fishing workers from the ports of Pattani and Songkhla province, recruited by cluster and proportionate sampling. The research instrument used for data collection was a record of physical examination and questionnaires which was developed by the researcher and generated through the translation and back translation process. Content validity was evaluated by 3 experts and yielded S-CVI 0.98. Reliability testing showed the Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.70. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Pearson's product moment correlation. Results showed all subjects were male, 111 Cambodian and 39 Myanmar people. They had an average age 29.2 years (SD = 7.77), Islamic 64.7%, health insurance for foreign workers 69.3%, and could partially understand but could not speak or read 38.7%. Health and four dimensions of health were at a good level. Personal factors and policy and overall access to health services factors were at a good level. The environmental factors were at moderate level. All selected factors, which were personal factors, environmental factors, and policy factors and access to general health services had statistical significantly correlated with health at low level (r = 0.192, 0.340 and 0.353, respectively). The aspect of health risk behaviors was found statistical significant correlation with health at low level (r = 0.165). Findings suggested that health promotion activities should be promoted for good health behaviors in migrant fishing workers, especially good consumption behavior and exercise in the context of fishery working. Moreover, the correlational study of other variables that may be affecting on health, such as income, duration of staying in Thailand, and ability to use Thai language, should be undertaken.