PSU Knowledge Bank Collection:
http://kb.psu.ac.th:80/psukb/handle/2010/8427
2024-03-29T07:48:59Zการประยุกต์ใช้ Tetraselmis sp. เพื่อการเลี้ยงกุ้งในระบบน้ำเขียว และการใช้โปรไบโอติกในอาหารกุ้งสำหรับต่อต้านเชื้อ Vibrio parahaemolyticus
http://kb.psu.ac.th:80/psukb/handle/2016/19343
Title: การประยุกต์ใช้ Tetraselmis sp. เพื่อการเลี้ยงกุ้งในระบบน้ำเขียว และการใช้โปรไบโอติกในอาหารกุ้งสำหรับต่อต้านเชื้อ Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: วรรณิษา แสงแก้ว
Abstract: Application of microalgae, Tetraselmis sp., in green water system
cooperating with utilization of probiotics mixed feed in shrimp culture was performed for the purpose that this may be resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus, causing the shrimp disease. It may be one of the ways to protect the shrimp production lost from this pathogen in the shrimp culture industry. The experiments were divided into 3 parts, which the first was to study the growth of Tetraselmis sp. and photosynthesis bacteria (PSB) at the different concentration levels of organic milk. The second was to study the effect of yogurt and PSB mixed feed for the shrimp culture to grow and survival rate of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in the culture system with and without Tetraselmis sp. in the system. The last experiment was to study efficacy of yogurt และ PSB utilization by mixing in the shrimp feed for testing the resistance to V. parahaemolyticus in the shrimp culture in the system with and without Tetraselmis sp.
The first study on the growth of Tetraselmis sp. and PSB by culturing in
the outdoor in a 10-liter jar for 1 week using organic waste milk from a dairy factory (Dairy Home Co., Ltd.). In Tetraselmis sp. culture, 4 different concentrations of the organic waste milk were set as 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 percent. While in PSB culture, 4 different concentrations of the organic waste milk were set as 10, 20, 30 and 40 percent. The growth was studied by measurement of absorbance (optical density, OD) with Spectrophotometer at 680 nm wavelength (OD680) for Tetraselmis sp. and 970 nm wavelength (OD970) for PSB. The result on Tetraselmis sp. growth was that on the 3rd day, Tetraselmis sp. cultured in 2% organic milk showed the highest optical density (OD680) at 0.094 nm. The second highest ones were cultured in 1.00, 0.50 and 0.25 % organic milk, which the values at OD680 were 0.092, 0.078 และ 0.046 nm, respectively. Moreover, there was no statistically difference on the ones which were cultured in 1 and 2 % organic milk (p>0.05). In PSB culture, the result was that PSB cultured with 40% organic milk showed the highest OD (OD970), which was 0.328 nm following with PSB cultures with 30, 20 and 10% (0.315, 0.268 and 0.265 nm), respectively. When the result was statistically analyzed at 95% confidence, the growth of PSB cultured with 40% organic milk showed the statistically significant difference with those cultured with 10, 20 and 30% organic milk (p<0.05). However, there is no statistically significant difference with those cultured with 10 and 20% organic milk.
The second experiment on introduction of Tetraselmis sp. for applying
in the Pacific white shrimp culture system cooperating with conducting of probiotics, yogurt and PSB, mixed in feed for the shrimp culture for 5 weeks. The result was that no statistically significant difference in the weight gain, specific growth rate, growth rate per day and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was found in all treatments and the control (p>0.05). However, the survival rates of the shrimp cultured with probiotics mixed feed was higher than those in the control. The treatment cultured with PSB mixed feed showed the highest survival rate at 95.00 % which was statistically significant difference compared with the control (p<0.05). In the shrimp culture treatments without Tetraselmis sp. in the system for 5 weeks, no statistically significant difference in the weight gain, specific growth rate, growth rate per day, FCR and survival rate of the shrimp (p>0.05).
The third part of the research was to study the efficacy of the probiotics,
yogurt and PSB against V. parahaemolyticus. In the shrimp cultured in a system with Tetraselmis sp. and those without Tetraselmis sp., the resistance against V. parahaemolyticus was tested by immersing the shrimp in V. parahaemolyticus at a concentration of 1×107 CFU/ml for 2 hours and then were cultured for 1 week. The result was that the shrimp cultured in a system with Tetraselmis sp. in the set fed with probiotics showed the significantly difference in the highest survival rates (p<0.05) compared with the control. In the shrimp cultured in the system without Tetraselmis sp., the lowest survival rate at 36 hours was only 13 %, which was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) compared to those fed with the probiotic supplemented feed. At the end of the experiment, the color of shrimp after boiling was measured using a CIE L* a* b* colorimeter (L* brightness value, a* red value and b* yellow value). The result was that the shrimp raised in the systems containing Tetraselmis sp. with probiotic supplemented feed showed significantly different a* and b* values compared to the control (p<0.05). In the shrimp cultured in the system without Tetraselmis sp., there was not significant difference in the a* values of the shrimp fed both types of probiotics (p>0.05). However, there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the shrimp fed with yogurt and PSB supplemented feed compared to the control.
From the results, it can be concluded that Tetraselmis sp. is effective
against V. parahaemolyticus when the white leg shrimp were cultured in the system containing this algae. In addition, the probiotics, both yogurt and photosynthetic bacteria, were effective against V. parahaemolyticus when the shrimp were fed with the probiotic supplemented feed. Therefore, both Tetraselmis sp.and the probiotics, yogurt and photosynthetic bacteria, were applied together in the white leg shrimp culture can enhance shrimp immunity to V. parahaemolyticus, add the survival chance, increase the shrimp productivity and improve the color of the shrimp.
Description: วิทยาศาสตรมหาบัณฑิต (วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยีประมง), 25662023-01-01T00:00:00Zลักษณะทางนิเวศวิทยาและชีววิทยาบางประการของเม่นทะเลชนิด Temnopleurus toreumaticus ในอ่าวปัตตานี
http://kb.psu.ac.th:80/psukb/handle/2016/19177
Title: ลักษณะทางนิเวศวิทยาและชีววิทยาบางประการของเม่นทะเลชนิด Temnopleurus toreumaticus ในอ่าวปัตตานี
Authors: สอฟียูดีน มะแอ
Abstract: The purpose of this research is to investigate the distribution pattern of brown
decorate sea urchin (Temnopleurus toreumaticus), relationship of the sea urchin with environmental
factors and other benthic fauna, reproductive biology, impact of the size and month factors on its
feeding habit. Samples were collected by towing metal dredging net at 8 selected stations covering
all area of Pattani, Pattani province during November 2018 to July 2020. Some water parameter
was measured together with dredging and bottom sediment was collected at all study sites. The
samples were immediately preserved in the ice box and brought back to laboratory for further
analysis. It was found that the density of sea urchin in Pattani bay were 22 individuals/1,000 m2
.
Water salinity, water depth, transparency, pH of soil and sand had a positive impact to the
abundance of the sea urchin. Abundance of benthic species including Nephtys 2, Glycera 2,
Perinereis, Clithon, Barbatiaand Lepidophthalmus showed a positive relationship with abundance
of the sea urchin. It was found that polychaete was the major food component of the sea urchin
(29.15%), followed by mollusc (24.69%) crustaceans (22.25%) sand (10.62%) sponge (4.88%)
fish (4.83%) and plant (3.58%). The average number of food items, fullness index, vacuity index
and diet breadth were 2.88±1.38, 4.56±2.40, 16.13 and 0.43, respectively. There was no significant
difference on sex ratio between male and female 0.9:1.0 (P>0.05). Moreover, it was found that the
size at first maturity of male and female were 33.17 millimeter and 37.08 millimeter, respectively.
Result from ANOVA indicated that size of sea urchin and month of collection significantly affected the average number of food item (P<0.001) . However, the size did not affect fullness index
(P>0.05). This study is considered the first effort investigated some ecological and biological
aspects of this species in the world. Information gathered from this study will thus be helpful for
the management of sea urchin resources and their application for future sea urchin culture.
Description: วิทยาศาสตรมหาบัณฑิต (วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยีประมง), 25652022-01-01T00:00:00ZEffects of Pom-nang Seaweed, Gracilaria fisheri on Growth, Survival, Feed Efficiency and Catalase Production of Juvenile Mud Crab, Scylla paramamosain
http://kb.psu.ac.th:80/psukb/handle/2016/19153
Title: Effects of Pom-nang Seaweed, Gracilaria fisheri on Growth, Survival, Feed Efficiency and Catalase Production of Juvenile Mud Crab, Scylla paramamosain
Authors: Wasina Rungruang
Abstract: The study on the effects of Pom-nang seaweed, Gracilaria fisheri on growth, survival, feed efficiency and catalase production of juvenile mud crab, Scylla paramamosain was conducted. The main objectives of this study are to investigate (1) effect of dietary diets with different Pom-nang seaweed supplementation’s levels on growth rate, survival rate, feed efficiency and catalase activity of juvenile mud crab and (2) influence of Pom-nang seaweed density as a shelter and stocking density on growth, feed efficiency, and survival rates of juvenile mud crab. Two experiments were conducted. The first experiment, juvenile mud crabs were individually stocked in plastic containers with an initial body weight of 0.02 g. Two factors including five dietary treatments (Pom-nang seaweed powder supplemented at the level of 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% and control; mysid shrimp) and two shelter treatments (with Pom-nang seaweed as shelter and without shelter) were designed. Juvenile mud crabs were fed at 8% body weight for 28 days. It was found that different diets had significant effects on weight gain (WG), specific growth rate on body weight (SGRw), protein efficiency ratio (PER) but not for feed conversion ratio (FCR), catalase activity (CAT) and survival rate of the crabs. The crabs reared with seaweeds as shelter had significantly different PER, FCR, CAT and survival rate values compared to those without seaweeds as shelter (P < 0.05). There were significant differences on the interactions of the combined factor on WG, SGR and PER (P <0.05). It was found that mysid shrimp was the most appropriate food for nursing juvenile mud crab. However, formulated diets supplemented with seaweeds had a potential to replace mysid shrimp. The combination of seaweed as shelter and the formulated diets with 4% seaweed (PSP4) had the highest values of all growth performances and survival rate compared to the others. The second experiment, effect of stocking density and density of Pom-nang seaweed as shelter on growth and survival rates of juvenile mud crab were conducted using juvenile mud crab with an initial body weight of 0.02 g. Two factors including four stocking density treatments (100, 200, 300 and 400 crab/m2) and four densities of Pom-nang seaweed as shelter (100 g/m2, 500 g/m2, 1,000 g/m2 and without shelter) were tested. Juvenile mud crabs were fed with PSP4 at 8% body weight for 28 days. It was found that different stocking density had significant effects on PER and FCR (P <0.05), and different density of Pom-nang seaweed as a shelter had significant effects on PER, FCR and survival rate (P <0.05). The stocking density at 400 crab/m2 and high density of Pom-nang seaweed as a shelter at 1,000 g/m2 was the optimal rate for nursing juvenile mud crab as indicated by growth performances and survival rate. There was no impact of interaction effect of the combined factor. This study can support a new technique and method for the development of nursing mud crab in the future.
Description: Master of Science (Fishery Science and Technology), 20222022-01-01T00:00:00Zผลของอาหารเสริมสาหร่ายไส้ไก่ (Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus) ต่อการเจริญเติบโตและสีเปลือกของกุ้งขาว (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931)
http://kb.psu.ac.th:80/psukb/handle/2016/18217
Title: ผลของอาหารเสริมสาหร่ายไส้ไก่ (Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus) ต่อการเจริญเติบโตและสีเปลือกของกุ้งขาว (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931)
Authors: ภาวินีย์ กลีบทอง
Abstract: Marine algae are interested in supplementation in diet for marine shrimp culture for the purpose that it may be benefit to the shrimp growth and may enhance the cooked shrimp color. The effects of gut weed, Ulva intestinalis, supplemented in the diet for rearing the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei was conducted to study in this research. The diets of 40% protein and 10% lipid were prepared with six different concentrations (0, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30%) of gut weed, Ulva intestinalis powder. The experimental diets were given to post larvae-30 shrimp (mean initial body weight of 0.12±0.01 g). The experimental shrimp were fed six times a day to apparent satiation with water exchanging every week and weighting at every 2 weeks. After a 12-week cultivation period, the highest final body weight (12.27±0.84 g) and the highest final length (10.97±0.27 cm) was shown in the shrimp fed with 0% gut weed diet (control). During 0-8 weeks, the gained weight of the control group was higher than the shrimp fed with other diets supplemented with gut weed. During 0-2 weeks, the highest specific growth rate (11.75±0.12 % day-1) was presented in the shrimp fed with 0% gut weed supplemented diet and decreased following shrimp culture increased period. Daily feed intake of the shrimp fed with 30% gut weed supplemented diet was the highest throughout the experiment, as well as the feed conversion rate was also the highest. The protein efficiency ratio of the shrimp fed with 0% gut weed supplemented diet was higher than those fed with other supplemented diets during 0-12 weeks. There was no statistical difference in the survival rate of all experimental groups, except at weeks 2-4 and 8-10. At week 2-4, the highest survival rate (80.79±10.33 %) was expressed in the shrimp fed with 6% gut weed supplemented diet, as well as it (92.31±7.69%) was presented in this group at week 8-10. This was higher than those shrimp fed with others. After 12 weeks of shrimp rearing, the shrimp carcass quality was analyzed and the result was 65.68-69.70 % protein, 2.81-3.20 % fat, 6.53-6.80 % fiber, 10.36-7.29 % moisture, and 12.87-10.89 % ash. After rearing, some minerals such as calcium and iron were different in the experimental groups. The calcium content in the shrimp fed with 12-24% gut weed supplemented diet was higher than those fed with other gut weed supplemented diets, while the iron content was lower in the shrimp fed with over 18% gut weed supplemented diets. In the color intensity of cooked shrimp after rearing, the result was that the redness (a*) (p<0.05) in the shrimp fed with gut weed supplemented diets decreased after boiling, while there was no significantly differences in the brightness (L*) and the yellowness (b*), except the shrimp fed with 30% gut weed supplemented diet. However, there was significantly decreased in the yellowness (b*). This study concluded that the supplementation of gut weed, Ulva intestinalis, in the diet of post larva-30 Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) resulted in decreased growth and the redness of the cultured shrimp after cooked.
Description: วิทยาศาสตรมหาบัณฑิต (วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยีประมง),25652022-01-01T00:00:00Z